Liparis

Liparis L.C.Richard

A cosmopolitan genus of about 250 species of both terrestrial and epiphytic orchids, Liparis is represented in India by 45 species and one subspecies. Ten speceis are found in Kerala .

1. Liparis atropurpurea Lindl. , Gen. Sp. Orch. 28. 1830 ; J.D. Hook . 1890: 698; fischer in Gamble 1928: 1411; Abraham & Vatsala 1981 : 408; Joseph 1982 : 38 & 1987: 50.

Liparis olivacea auct. non . Lindl. : Wight 18454-45: 9. t. 903.

Liparis walkeriae auct. non Grah .: Wight 1944 -45 : t. 05 .

Lindley described this species based on Macrae's collection from Ceylon . wight found it on rocky cliffs in Pulney mountains .

Occurrence : Idukki District .

Distribution : South India (Kerala , Tamil Nadu ) and Sri Lanka .

2. Liparis cespitosa (lam. ) Lindl. ., Bot. Reg. 11: subt. 882. 1825; Joseph 1987 : 46.

Epidendrum cespitosum Lam., Encycl.Meth. bot. 1: 87. 1783 .

Liparis duthiei J.D. hook ., Ic. Pl. 19 : t. 1857 . 1889 & 1890: 701 : Fischer in Gamble 1928: 1411.

This species is similar to Liparis viridiflora in morphology but very distinct.

Occurrence : Quilon District (Palaruvi).

Distribution : Widespread from Africa to the Pacific.

3. Liparis deflexa J.D. Hook. , Fl. Brit.Ind. 5: 697. 1890 & Ic. Pl. T. 2008. 1890; Seidenfaden 1976 : 27 .? Liparis diphyllos Nimmo ex Graham , Cat. Bombay Pl. 252. 1839.

Liparis prazeri King & Pantl., J. As .Soc. Bengal 66(2) : 582 . 1897 ; Santapau & Kapadia 1966: 179.

Liparis flavoviridis Blatt. 7 Mc Cann, J. Bombay Nat. Hist.Soc. 32: 260 . 1931.

Occurrence : Calicut District .

Distribution : India to Burma and doubtfully Laos and Cambodia .

4. Liparis downii Ridl., Journ. Str. Br. Roy .As. Soc. 49: 27. 1907;Seidenfaden 1976: 36.

Seidenfaden cited a collection in Kew by Stocks , Law & c. from Malabar as belonging to this species with the comment that it might ultimately end up as synonym of Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl.

Occurrence ; Malabar.

Distribution : India , Burma , Thailand and Cambodia .

5. Liparis elliptica Wight , Ic. Pl . Ind. Or. 5(1) : 17 . t. 1735 . 1851; Seidenfaden 1976: 79; Abraham & Vatsala 1981 : 412 ; Joseph 1982 : 38 & 1987: 48 .

Liparis viridiflora auct. non Lindl. pro parte: J. D. Hook . 1890 : 704 ; Fischer in Gamble 1928 : 1411.

Wight based his description of this species on a collection from coonoor, Neilgherries .The convex pseudobulbs and seemingly 3-lobed lip with marginal folds are very characteristic.

Occurrence : Trivandrum , Idukki , Thrissur and wayanad Districts.

Distribution : India , Sri Lanka to Nepal , Thailand , Taiwan and Java.

6. Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl. Gen . Sp. Orch. 26 . 1830 .

Malaxis odorata Willd. Lindl., Gen . sp. Orch. 26 . 1830.

Malaxis odorata Willd .,n. 6., Sp. Pl. 4 :91 . 1805 .

liparis nervosa auct . non (Thunb.)Lindl.; Fischer in Gamble 1928: 1410 ; Santapau & Kapadia 1966: 181; Seidenfaden 1978: 30.

Willdenow's name was based solely on Rheede's katou Ponnan Maravara and while effecting the transfer Lindley said-" this is an obscure plant of which no modern botanist seems to have seen a specimen. It is , if correctly described distinguishable from Liparis elata by its flowers being sweet scented and yellow green , with an ovate lip ".

Occurrence : Trivandrum, Pathanamthitta and Palghat Districts.

Distribution : Widespread .

7. Liparis walakkadensis Muktesh & Stephen , J. Orchid Soc. India 13 (1-2) : 29. 1999.

This is a recently described speceis from Palghat , Kerala. Authors say it is related to Liparis barbata lindl. and Liparis wightiana Thw. from which it is distinguished on account of having 'oblong dorsal sepal , broadly elliptic , falcate lateral sepals , truncate petals , greenish 3x5 mm, obcordate -orbicular ,emarginate , clawed lip with minutely denticulate margin; column broadly winged near the top and collateral ; unequal pollinia '

Occurrence : Palghat District.

Distribution : Local Endemic (kerala only).

8. Liparis walkeriae Grah ., Edinb. New Philos.J.20: 194. 1836& 1840 : Bot. Mag. 66: t. 3770 ; Ridley 1886: 277; J.D Hook . 1890: 698 ;Fischer in Gamble 1928: 1410 .

Graham described this species based on a specimen collected by Mrs. Walker from Ceylon . Wight recorded by Mrs. Walker from Ceylon. Wight recorded it from Neilgherries . Rev. E. Johnson collected it from Kerala .

Occurrence : Idukki District.

Distribution : South India (Kerala , Tamil Nadu) and Sri Lanka .

9. Liparis wightiana Thw. , Enum . Pl.Zeyl. 295 . 1861; Ridley 1886 : 278; J.D Hook 1890 : 695 ;Fischer in Gamble 1928 : 1410.

Liparis atropurea Wight , Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 3(2) : 9.t. 904. 1844-45, non Lindl.

Described by Thwaites based on his collection from central Sri Lanka .

10. Liparis wrayi J.D. Hook ., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 181. 1890 ; Seidenfaden 1976: 15.

Liparis indirae Manilal & Sathish , Pl. Syst.Evol . 145: 155. 1984.

Our 'novelty ' described from silent Valley was proved to be a synonym of this species . Hooker described Liparis wrayi after a collection by Wray from Perak In Malaysia .

Occurrence : Palghat District.

Distribution : Indo-Malesia .





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